Please Whitelist This Site?

I know everyone hates ads. But please understand that I am providing premium content for free that takes hundreds of hours of time to research and write. I don't want to go to a pay-only model like some sites, but when more and more people block ads, I end up working for free. And I have a family to support, just like you. :)

If you like The TCP/IP Guide, please consider the download version. It's priced very economically and you can read all of it in a convenient format without ads.

If you want to use this site for free, I'd be grateful if you could add the site to the whitelist for Adblock. To do so, just open the Adblock menu and select "Disable on tcpipguide.com". Or go to the Tools menu and select "Adblock Plus Preferences...". Then click "Add Filter..." at the bottom, and add this string: "@@||tcpipguide.com^$document". Then just click OK.

Thanks for your understanding!

Sincerely, Charles Kozierok
Author and Publisher, The TCP/IP Guide


NOTE: Using software to mass-download the site degrades the server and is prohibited.
If you want to read The TCP/IP Guide offline, please consider licensing it. Thank you.

The Book is Here... and Now On Sale!

Read offline with no ads or diagram watermarks!
The TCP/IP Guide

Custom Search







Table Of Contents  The TCP/IP Guide
 9  TCP/IP Lower-Layer (Interface, Internet and Transport) Protocols (OSI Layers 2, 3 and 4)
      9  TCP/IP Transport Layer Protocols
           9  Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
                9  TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
                     9  TCP Overview, Functions and Characteristics

Previous Topic/Section
TCP Overview, Functions and Characteristics
Previous Page
Pages in Current Topic/Section
12
3
Next Page
TCP Functions: What TCP Does
Next Topic/Section

TCP Overview, History and Standards
(Page 3 of 3)

TCP Standards

RFC 793 is the defining standard for TCP, but it doesn't include all the details of how modern TCP operates. Several other standards include additional information about how the protocol works, and describe enhancements to the basic TCP mechanisms that were developed over the years. Some of these are fairly “esoteric” and not widely known, but they are useful in gaining a more complete understanding of TCP. I have listed some of them in Table 149


Table 149: Supplementary TCP Standards

RFC Number

Name

Description

813

Window and Acknowledgment Strategy in TCP

Discusses the TCP sliding window acknowledgment system, describing certain problems that can occur with it and methods to correct them.

879

The TCP Maximum Segment Size and Related Topics

Discusses the important Maximum Segment Size (MSS) parameter that controls the size of TCP messages, and relates this parameter to IP datagram size.

896

Congestion Control in IP/TCP Internetworks

Talks about congestion problems and how TCP can be used to handle them.

Note the interesting inversion of the normal protocol suite name: “IP/TCP”.

1122

Requirements for Internet Hosts — Communication Layers

Describes important details of how TCP should be implemented on hosts.

1146

TCP Alternate Checksum Options

Specifies a mechanism for having TCP devices use an alternative method of checksum generation.

1323

TCP Extensions for High Performance

Defines extensions to TCP for high-speed links, and new TCP options.

2018

TCP Selective Acknowledgment Options

An enhancement to basic TCP functionality that allows TCP devices to selectively specify specific segments for retransmission.

2581

TCP Congestion Control

Describes four algorithms used for congestion control in TCP networks: slow start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmit and fast recovery.

2988

Computing TCP's
Retransmission Timer

Discusses issues related to setting the TCP retransmission timer, which controls how long a device waits for acknowledgment of sent data before retransmitting it.


Of course, there are hundreds of higher-layer application protocols that use TCP, and whose defining standards therefore make at least glancing reference to it.

TCP is of course designed to use the Internet Protocol, since they were developed together and as we have seen, were even once part of the same specification. At the same time, they were split up for the specific reason of respect the principles of architectural layering. For this reason, TCP tries to make as few assumptions as possible regarding the underlying protocol over which it runs. It is not as strictly tied to the use of IP as one might imagine, and can even be adapted for use over other network-layer protocols. For our purposes, however, this should be considered mainly an "interesting aside". We will be assuming TCP works over IP in our discussions, since that is almost always how it is used.


Previous Topic/Section
TCP Overview, Functions and Characteristics
Previous Page
Pages in Current Topic/Section
12
3
Next Page
TCP Functions: What TCP Does
Next Topic/Section

If you find The TCP/IP Guide useful, please consider making a small Paypal donation to help the site, using one of the buttons below. You can also donate a custom amount using the far right button (not less than $1 please, or PayPal gets most/all of your money!) In lieu of a larger donation, you may wish to consider purchasing a download license of The TCP/IP Guide. Thanks for your support!
Donate $2
Donate $5
Donate $10
Donate $20
Donate $30
Donate: $



Home - Table Of Contents - Contact Us

The TCP/IP Guide (http://www.TCPIPGuide.com)
Version 3.0 - Version Date: September 20, 2005

© Copyright 2001-2005 Charles M. Kozierok. All Rights Reserved.
Not responsible for any loss resulting from the use of this site.